// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------// Pet Information: November 2010

Hamster Feeding Tips



Hamsters also includes rodents, they will eat food that what they see - what other sweet things without thinking again. These mammals do not think what the food is harmful or not for them. If you give what foods they eat, they can become fat, and often can make them sick. You must pay attention to their instinct to hide their food in the nest. There are some food in their bin that has become rotten and could cause it to become caretaker masalah.Karena good you also need to be a nutrition expert they are good for your hamster.

Hamsters love sunflower seeds like other rodents. Sometimes the seed is often stated as the main nutrient source but that's not true. In the wild environment, seeds, sun is the source of important nutrients and can understand them going crazy about this sun seed. But for hamsters, sun seed is the food is too greasy to eat every day. If you feed seeds sun in your hamster cage, this will make you fast fat hamster. Obesity is also not good for hamsters. You should give seed sun as a reward / treat. Maximum daily limit is between 3 to 5 seeds. This method can also help you tame or good friends with the hamsters quickly. By feeding the sun seeds by hand, your hamster will recognize you as a good keeper.

In addition to beans or peas, you can feed your hamster with vegetables such as cabbage and other vegetables. They love it. Vegetables do not make them fat. You do not need to buy vegetables only for hamsters because they do not eat much. You can leave a little at the time of providing meals for your family. For example when you make a cabbage salad, cabbage center you can give to your hamster. Oh, yes some sources say that lettuce (lettuce) to endanger the health of hamsters. We are less sure about that but you can avoid. You should pay attention to your hamster will save makananya instinct in the nest. They keep everything in their nest, but they do not sort out / clean up, they also do not realize the vegetables have been damaged / decayed rapidly. So keep cleaning your hamster cage, get rid of old vegetables kept on a regular basis. Atar moldy rotten vegetables that will harm your hamster.

Vegetables strong herb such as garlic, onion or celery leaves can be toxic to a small hamster. While the vegetables are good for humans, leaves a strong sense to endanger the health of hamsters. Avoid celery, garlic, onion. Hamsters eat anything without strings attached, only you can protect it from food poisoning. You also have to realize that pack a salad mix sold in supermarkets. Sometimes mixed salad packs may contain vegetables. You should feed the hamster from his own vegetables. Other stimulants such as chocolate can also endanger the health of hamsters. Keep your children not to give food snacks / snack them to the hamster. Because the hamster you can end up with tragic results.

Rodents teeth never stop growing. Therefore they have to bite something hard continuously. For this reason you must give them something for their bite. Vegetables too soft for this, you can give a hard pellet or a piece of wood. Eating formulations suitable for this purpose, please check the pet shops around you. Usually designed hamster food as hard as possible to cut their teeth. Also serve the same piece of wood in an effort to dental care, but also works as a hamster food supplements and more can be enjoyed by hamsters. Sometimes the food is not formulated in accordance with the hamster taste, then do not buy too much. Buy a little first and see if the hamster likes it or not.

Hamsters also like fruit. You can feed such as berries or a piece of apple into hamsters, they must be thrilled. The basic rule is mild fruit suitable for babies is also good for hamsters. The fruits also like rotten vegetables can be quick, you have to remember that. If the fruits have become rotten or moldy, rotten fruit that can be harmful not only for the hamster but also keepers. If the hamster has left the fruit that you provided, you must remove and discard the rest of his cage. Do not let the rest rot in the cage.


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How to Give a Cat Feed




There are at least two different ways / methods of feeding the cats, namely:

* Food is always available at the cat food dish. So when the cat wants to eat, food is available in its place. This method is good for a small cat (kitten) or cat that is still in its infancy. Be careful because there is the likelihood of overweight / obesity / overweight.
* Feeding is done in 2 or 3 times a day. Usually the food given in the morning and afternoon. This method is good for adult cats who have regular diet. Please note the amount of food provided, as shall be in accordance with their daily needs.
NB: water for drinking cats should always be available at all times.

Nutritional needs of cats


Diet cat is unique and different from the dog (do not feed the cats with food for dogs / dog food). Make sure you provide food for cats contain a number of vitamins and nutrients. Do not be tempted by low prices, because cheap does not mean good. Get used to examine the content of food, usually printed on the packaging. Here are some references for the cat's nutritional needs:

* high protein content, at least 25%. The higher the ingredient is usually better.
* Low-fat, fat digestion efficiency in cats is very low.
* Low pH (high acid degree).
* Low magnesium. High content of magnesium can cause interference in the urinary tract.
* Taurine
* Arachidonic acid (arachidonic acid)
* Vitamins and minerals (Vitamin A, B12, Niacin, Thiamin)



Type of food: wet (canned) or dry

1. dry food (dry food)
Dry food is usually good for a cat. Giving a good dry food for dental health, more durable and generally more nutritious because it contains many extra nutrients.
2. wet food (canned / wet food)
wet food / canned less well provided for the long term. These foods are usually more of a "junk food? for cats. In addition to poor dental health, because it often causes plaque and tartar and nutrient content are less complete. Cats are usually given wet food is usually rather difficult to switch to another type of food especially dry food.

Needs Food By Age & Condition
1. Kitten aged <1 year (kitten). Kittens can begin to be given food at the age of 3-4 weeks. Food provided is usually soaked in warm water to taste, crushed and pulverized. For the first time the kittens still need to be taught, fed with a dropper or apply a small portion of food in the mouth, then hold the plate of food to see if it will eat its own. Give special food for kittens (kitten) because it is usually a higher protein content and contains many nutrients needed for growth. Up to the age of 2-3 months the number / proportion of water in foods can be reduced gradually until the cat can eat dry food completely. 2.Kucing adults> 1 year (adult)
Adult cats weighing about 4-5 kg at least require energy from food is 300 calories. Provide adequate food and balanced nutrition, there are usually written "Complete? or "Balanced? on food packaging. Try not rabid cat / fed with the same brand continuously. Occasionally need to change brands of food for digestion trained on various types of food. Note also the pH and mineral content makananagar avoid urinary tract disorders.

3.Kucing pregnant & breastfeeding
At the time of pregnant and breast-feeding mother cats need food with high protein content. When bunting is usually given to kitten food because of higher protein content. Calcium supplements may be given to the mother who breastfeed their children.

Total Food
Adult cats weighing around 5 kg needs about 300 calories of food energy. Note the calorie content in food packaging, determine the amount of food to meet calorie needs for one day, then divide that amount in accordance with the frequency of meals (2 or 3 times a day).

As another benchmark that can be used, calculated from the weight of the cat. Usually every day cats eat about 2% of their body weight. So when the cat's weight 5 kg, the food takes about 2% x 5 Kg which is about 100 grams / day.


Tips on How to Select a dogfood



1. Protein content:

Try to select a dog food that has a protein content of less than 30%. In tropical countries like Indonesia, dogs do not need high protein. Excess protein will lead to itching, like a crooked leg bone calcium deficiency, kidney stones, etc..

2. Lipid content:

Fat content of most good for the dogs in our country ranges from 12% - 20%. For dogs that digestion is not good, like diarrhea should choose low-fat dog food is.

3. Do not be affected by the excessive promotion of dogfood with famous brands. Because is not necessarily suitable

4. Select a dog food that is still a long expiration date.

5. About 2-week trial period, if within 2 weeks of no visible means interference dogfood matches.

Tips on how to care for kittens



How to care for kittens, kittens after birth should be natural foods (milk) within 10-20 minutes. Do not forget to also feed the mother cat food and drinking water when he was nursing their child.

Kitten can eat solid foods at the age of two to three weeks. Set aside money to give them commercial food as well as special commercial kitten milk. Within growing like avoiding to give cow's milk or goat's milk because it still can not be digested properly because they contain lactose.

One issue is the nature of cats cat owners who always defecate carelessly. To anticipate this early on then provide two fruit trays to replace the dirt and replace the trays regularly during the day. By nature the kitten would throw dirt there at the age of three to four weeks.

Cats for parent-child nursing cat should or may be given de-worming every month. And for his own kittens should be given de-worming every two weeks. Starting at the age of two weeks to three months old.

Your kitten can be weaned from the age of eight weeks. At this stage the mother cat will not always be with her son to be given solid food.

So that later the cat does not act aggressive with humans. So the kitten must make contact to humans at the age of at least two to seven weeks.

So that cats do not bother you, Give a lot of new stimuli that are not threatening course. Let's say the sounds as well as meet with other animals.

Do not forget to find out the nature of kittens, so you can guess his mood

* If daughters cat eyes half closed and then turned aside a little ear it signifies being comfortable kitten
* If the pupil dilated eyes that means being surprised
* If the direct kitten ears and eyes wide open, that means kitten wants to play
* If Looking up and moving his head back, it probably means someone is being approached too close
* If you're directing your ear, turning it into the rear and also shrink the pupil of the eye. Beware! Kittens are ANGRY.

Hopefully assist you in caring for your kitten.


The cause of flu in cats




The disease is caused by the Feline Herpes Virus (FHV). Together with calicivirus and Chlamydia often causes flu in cats (cat flu).

Common symptoms
Cough, fever up to 41 OC, loss of appetite and weight loss, runny nose, sneezing, red eyes, swollen and watery diertai crusts in the eyelid.

This disease also causes inflammation of the cornea, the transparent part of the eye that serves to collect light. As a result, the cat bit sensitive to light and more like being in a dark place sometimes rubbing his eyes with his foot.

When cats infected pregnant
although rhinotracheitis mainly attack the upper respiratory tract, complications when pregnant can also occur such as pneumonia in young cats, kittens were born sick and miscarriage (abortion).

Treatment of sick cats
Consult with your veterinarian about medication and care for your cat. Isolation of sick cats, should be different from the other room with a healthy cat. Kurangsi stress confirm well-ventilated room with adequate air circulation. Give a drink and enough food, suapi if not eating. Clean the dirt on the nose and eye cat.

Drugs that are given usually depends on the symptoms. Antibiotics given to prevent secondary infections caused by bacteria. Eye drops or ointment is applied to reduce diseases of the eye. Decongestants are given to reduce the excessive mucus in the airways. Giving Lysin can interfere with reproduction (replication of the virus) and can increase appetite and accelerate healing.


Can cats with this disease be cured?
Generally, this disease does not cause death if handled properly. During the sick cats get enough fluids and nutrients that good food is usually a cat can heal itself after 70-10 days.

About 30% of this virus is a strain that is virulent and can cause death in old kitten and cat. Complications also can occur when there are secondary infections caused by bacteria.

In some cats with poor nutrition, runny nose and sneezing may occur sustainable.

Prevention
Routine vaccination for prevention can be done to prevent severe disease. Kitten should be vaccinated at the age of 8-10 weeks, then repeated at the age of 12-14 weeks, only then is repeated every year.
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Causes of Diarrhea in Dogs and Cats

Diarrhea is one of the digestive tract disorder the most common pet owners. Diarrhea itself is not a disease but a symptom that accompanies a disease or disorder in the body. Normally, adult dogs defecate once a day if fed one to two times a day. Changes in the form of increased frequency of defecation, stool volume and consistency from soft to liquid and can be accompanied with the presence or absence of stool discoloration is a common symptom of diarrhea. Although diarrhea easily recognizable, but to find the cause and treatment is quite complex because many factors influence the existence of the digestive tract function.

Factors that could cause diarrhea in dogs include:

1. Diet

Diarrhea caused by dietary factors may include the sudden replacement of food, overeating (the portion of food too much), food intolerance, the presence of foreign objects that can not be digested such as grass and unclean food sources such as from garbage.

Replacement food abruptly can cause disruption to normal flora balance in the intestinal tract so that food replacement should be done gradually by mixing the old food with just enough food within 1 week for normal intestinal flora to adapt.

Dogs may also experience intolerance to a particular substance or element content of foods is also influenced by differences in individual sensitivity. One of them that often occurs mainly in children where dogs are lactose intolerance can not digest lactose milk for lactase enzyme deficiency. The result is accumulation of lactose in the intestine and lead to excessive fermentation microbes that impact on osmotic diarrhea. Handling can be done is to give milk with low lactose content. In addition, dogs may also experience intolerance to spicy foods (lots of flavor) and are usually found in oily foods home.

Dogs who eat less than the net like the trash can cause diarrhea are also sometimes accompanied by symptoms of vomiting. This is because the possibility of bacteria or toxins in the food waste that can irritate the gastrointestinal mucosa.

Habits of dog bite hard objects or fibrous texture that is not including more food because of their behavior is indeed "like" it. Even a dog that is misbehaving in the stomach and feel generally uncomfortable urge to eat something that is fibrous like no other grass is one way of allocating the stress incurred by such discomfort. But the grass is irritating and can not be digested, so the impact a dog can vomit and the effect that further irritate the digestive tract can cause diarrhea.

2. Intestinal Parasites

Intestinal parasitic worms such as whipworms in dogs (flatworms), hookworms (hookworm), roundworms (worms gilig). Diarrhea that occurs due to the obstruction and mechanical injury by the infestation of worms in the mucosal epithelium of intestine and sometimes accompanied by blood. In a severe infestation of worms in the long run can also cause anemia, decrease in body weight, dull hair, decreased immune system, even perforations (holes) of the intestinal wall. For that dogs should be given regular worming every 3 months for prevention.



3. Bacterial infections and protozoa

Protozoa cause damage to intestinal epithelial cells because the intracellular and proliferate them are often attacked, especially in young dogs are giardia and coccidia. While the causes diarrhea by bacteria such as E. coli, salmonella and campylobacter. The specialty of bacteria in addition to causing damage to intestinal epithelial cells resulting in malabsorption, also can cause septicemia (the circulation of pathogenic bacteria in the blood vessels) and can result in enterotoxin as a result of metabolic waste. In general, bacterial and protozoan infections can occur through contaminated food besides that it also be zoonotic (contagious to humans).

4. Viral infections

The most frequently encountered and is usually fatal in children who have not vaccinated dogs are parvovirus and coronavirus. Infection by this virus causes acute bloody diarrhea accompanied by vomiting and severe dehydration. Unlike other infections, the virus is contagious (highly infectious) morbidity rate (virulence) and mortality (death) high, especially in young dogs. Prevention is by vaccination which could begin entering the age when puppies 6-8 weeks.

5. Drugs and toxins

Certain drugs can cause side effects of diarrhea, such as NSAIDs (non steroidal anti-inflammatory agents) such as aspirin, anthelmentik (de-worming), anticancer drugs and several types of antibiotics depends on individual sensitivity. For the toxin is generally not only cause diarrhea but also vomiting, even for toxin type organophospate (insecticide) can be accompanied by neurological symptoms (seizures).

6. Pancreatitis

Pancreatic inflammation can cause the production of digestive enzymes, so that ingesta in the intestine can not be digested properly. This condition affects not only the movement of ingesta normal motility but also the development of intestinal microflora. Consequently overgrowth can occur (excessive growth of microflora) that trigger diarrhea. Symptoms include abdominal pain, steatorrhea (fatty stools), decreased body weight as well as generally happens is chronic diarrhea and was not accompanied by blood or mucus (phlegm).

7. Gastrointestinal obstruction

Gastrointestinal tract obstruction can be caused by foreign bodies and narrowing of the gastrointestinal tract itself is caused by various factors such as torsio (rotation), gastrointestinal tract, intussuceptio (folded portion of the intestine into another portion of the intestine), abcess, intestinal tumors, as well as attachment channel for example by because of trauma. Symptoms other than diarrhea can also be accompanied by vomiting, anorexia (decreased appetite), depression and abdominal pain.

For intestinal tumors usually occur in areas often terminal colon and rectum and is generally found in older dogs. The tumor itself has a variety of types, but the most vicious among adenocarcinoma, and lymphosarcoma. Symptoms along with the development of tumors, namely chronic diarrhea, weight loss, low appetite, vomiting and black stools (due to blood mixed with gastric HCl in the gastrointestinal tract).

8. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

The occurrence of IBD or better known as the inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract suspected by the role of various factors such as nutrients, bacteria, genetic and immune system that causes a reaction resulting in disruption hypersensitif permeability and lesion (wound) mucosal tissue and eventually have an impact on the occurrence of chronic diarrhea.

In addition to the causes, you also need to recognize the duration of diarrhea in dogs that can be divided into 2 categories, namely diarrhea are acute and chronic. Acute diarrhea usually occur suddenly and lasted a short duration up to 1-2 weeks. Conversely, if there is persistent diarrhea (more than 3 weeks) or have a history of recurrent, it can be categorized as chronic diarrhea.

When your dog experienced a mild acute diarrhea, but his condition remained lively with a good appetite and without any other clinical symptoms of diarrhea that occur then the likelihood is more caused by dietary factors. Nevertheless both acute diarrhea and chronic nature still requires special attention when coupled with other symptoms such as decreased appetite, vomiting, fever, weakness, pale mucosa, diarrhea accompanied by blood or mucus, pain in the abdomen and so forth. In this condition you should immediately consult your animal to a veterinary clinic or a local vet to get immediate treatment and examination of the possibility of a serious illness.

Milk with lactose is not good for Kitten and Puppy

Identical with the kitten milk. Many beginners who only give milk as a puppy cat food at the newly owned. Milk is nutrient-dense foods are much needed by chicks cat who can not eat solid foods are eaten by the adult cat. But did you know that not all milk can be digested by a cat?

Milk that can not be digested by the cat is lactose-containing milk such as fresh cow's milk or by-products. Lactose is milk sugar which is one of the typical components in milk together with triglycerides (fatty milk) and casein (milk protein). Lactose content of about 4.6% in milk. To digest lactose, the digestive enzyme lactase which must use one of the digestive enzymes produced by cells in the small intestine break down milk sugar duty into a form that is easier to be absorbed into the body. Unfortunately, digestion owned by cats can not produce this enzyme so that does not break down lactose, lactose granules will be left behind in the face of the hole and the small intestine absorbs much of the surrounding water, causing diarrhea. There are times before exiting, he was stuck in the colon and is broken down by bacteria producing gas (CH4, CO2, H2). As a result, the stomach becomes bloated, stomach pain, until diarrhea.

There are some digestive cat who eventually became resistant to lactose. cats do not have diarrhea or abdominal bloating. It is not that good because cats have digestive disorders that are not visible so that its work function decreases. cats can not digest and absorb nutisi with a maximum so that should be given food with higher numbers than expected. As a result, the cat will lose weight and malnutrition.




So, whether the milk should be avoided?

Each type of milk must contain lactose, but there is milk which contains lactose so it can be consumed by a cat. Milk with lactose which can be consumed by the cat is milk containing alpha S1-casein protein is low, derived from animal milk goats. Outside the country, goat milk is being improved and promoted because it does not cause adverse side effects such as cow's milk. In Indonesia it will be more difficult to find goat's milk but not to worry because the manufacturers have set up animal makann lactose-free milk for the cat so that you can give milk to your cat without causing your cat has diarrhea. Unfortunately this product is very expensive because it is imported in small quantities. Another alternative is to give formula to a lactose-free human infant with a more affordable price and more diverse choices. Lactose-free formulas are usually given a code FL (lactose free) on the packaging.

Indeed, the nutrients contained in infant formula does not equal the nutrients needed by puppies cat but at least better than cow's milk contains alpha S1-casein protein are very high that can cause diarrhea.

In addition to milk, lactose content is also widely used in products for human snacks like biscuits, cereals, fast food, cheese, margarine, and so on, so keep in mind if you want to provide snacks for your cat. It's safer if the snacks are made specifically for cats which are produced by a leading pet food manufacturers because although containing milk, laktosanya content has been removed in order for safe consumption by your cat.